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INTRO TO POLITICAL SCIENCE (WEEKS 4-6)

Classification (as to structure of government)

The Greeks: Plato and Aristotle; Philosopher-king

* Monarchism

* Rule of one person

* Divine Right of Kings

* Tyranny

* Aristocracies

* Rule of a few

* Oligarchy

* Democracies

* Council of 500

* Mobocracy

Classification as to Left and Right

* Origin in French parliaments

* Representing reforms and change

* Liberal vs. Conservative

* Ideologies of the Right

* Monarchism

* Nazism

* Fascism

* The Religious Right

* Theocracies (Spanish Philippines, Iran, Islamists)

Features of Conservatism

* Traditional; pragmatist; realistic belief in human imperfection; hierarchy, authority and property

* Paternalistic; belief in “noblesse oblige”

* Christian Democracy

* In the United States represented by the Republican Party

* Present in the Philippines

Ideologies of the Left

* Ideologies of the Left

* Utopianism

* Socialism

* Communism

* Marxism

* Leninism

* Maoism

* Communist Party of the Philippines/New People’s Army

Features of Liberalism

* Individualism; freedom; reason; equality; toleration; consent and constitutionalism

* Unsympathetic attitude towards the state

* State is unnecessary evil and government should not – as much as possible – interfere with the affairs of the society

* Deep faith in laissez faire or free market economics

Great Ideologies - Capitalism

* More of an economic than a political ideology

* Common in most states in the world and is the given ideology in most free (democratic) states

* Promotes individuals to own the means of production and can legally amass thru profit unlimited personal wealth

* Strictly disallows governments to intervene in public business affairs...