Organizational Behavior

1. Identify and describe three of the different theories of motivation (as discussed in class). Why is it difficult to determine how to motivate other people?

> MAZLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS THEORY: Maslow defined need as a deficiency that a person feels the compulsion to satisfy, this need can create tensions that can influence a person's work attitudes and behaviors. Maslow formed a theory based on his definition of need that proposes that humans are motivated by multiple needs and that these needs exist in a hierarchical order (physiological needs, security needs, social needs, esteem needs and self actualization). His premise is that only an unsatisfied need can influence behavior, a satisfied need is not a motivator.

> ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION MODEL-DAVID McCLELLAND: McClelland's recognizes that everyone prioritizes needs differently, individuals are not born with these needs but they are actually learned through life experiences. They are the need for power-desire to cause others to behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise, affiliation-desire for friendly, close interpersonal relationships and conflict avoidance, and achievement-drive to excel.

> HERTZBERG’S MOTIVATOR/HYGIENE MODEL: Hertzberg suggests that the opposite of satisfaction is not dissatisfaction. Removing dissatisfying characteristics from a job does not necessarily make the job satisfying. Hertzberg’s two independent set of factors are Hygiene Factors-they don't have any motivational value when present, but do have a de-motivational value if not present, these factors are extrinsic to the work itself and motivators -they actually motivate an individual, they find their root within the job itself.

> One difficult challenge is to learn how to effectively motivate other people,this is difficult to master because what triggers this action can be so personal. The same factors that motivates a person will not have the same effect on others. Individuals are motivated when they are...