Research

This study anchored effectiveness of conceptualized in four approaches: goal achievement approach (in terms of fulfillment level of organizational objectives and final achievements of the organization), systematic approach (in terms of ability in using and processing data, its achievement ways and maintaining stability of the organization), strategic factors approach (in terms of fulfilling expectations of external factors, on which organization stability depends) and competitive values approach (in terms of identifying all fundamental variables which influence the performance of organization and the connection of these variables). Likert (1967) believed that three causal, mediator and efficiency categories could determine the effectiveness of an organization [2]. Some others have considered effectiveness of an organization as the degree or level of achieving at organizational effectives [17]. Hamidi (2003) stated that organizational effectiveness is rooted in management processes and successful organizations have three characteristics in terms of organizational design: simple form, few employees and decentralization aiming at efficiency increase [18]. Management effectiveness is the fundamental basis of organizational effectiveness and is in line with it. Management effectiveness starts with objectives, identification, believing, commitment, alignment and assimilation and generates mobility and motivation toward he objectivesin the manager [9]. According to Mintzberg (1983), the thing that makes management even more effective is the possibility of making communication, listening and having social interactions with employees. Employees’ effectiveness is the survival and flourishing factors if each organization gains meaning from the employees. Thus, the closer the objectives of employees and those of manager and organization to each other, the easier it would be to achieve those objectives; therefore, the goals of managers and employees would be realized [19]....