Operation Management

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Category: Business and Industry

Date Submitted: 10/21/2015 02:47 PM

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1 概论

公司运营三部分:Marketing, Finance, Operation。运营管理就是对运营过程的计

划、组织、实施和控制,是与产品生产和服务创造密切相关的各项管理工作的总称。

OM Operation management is the process of planning, organization,

implementation and control, is with the product and service to create closely

related to the management the floorboard of the work.

历程:工业革命前、工业革命、科学管理、人类关系运动、决策模型与管理科学、

日本制造业的影响。重要事件:劳动分工(亚当.斯密)

;标准件(Whitney)

;科学管理

(泰勒)

;生产线(福特)

;甘特图(甘特)

;动作研究(吉尔布雷斯夫妇)

;质量控制

(Shewhart)

;*研究日本制造业,使用统计分析(爱德华.得明)

生产率=Units produced÷input used。

Productivity= Units produced /Input used

学习曲线:每次完成同一任务后下次完成该任务或生产单位产品的时间将减少。成

本减少,提高服务,质量管理, 提高速度

Learning curve: every time the same task completed after complete the task

next time or the production unit of time will reduce product. Reduce the cost,

improve the service, quality management, improve the speed

有形产品:可转售,可仓储,产品质量可度量,销售与生产分离,工厂位置影响成

本,容易实现自动化生产,收入来自有形产品。无形服务:不可转售,很难仓储,质量

不容易度量,销售只是服务的一部分(Selling is part of service),产品是无形的,设

施位置对联系顾客很重要,很难自动化,收入主要来自于无形服务。

2 产品设计

规避风险(新品开发先慢后快)

,反向工程(分析产品零件了解制造方式和工艺)

多元化战略(以新技术开拓新市场)

Avoid risk (new products development first slow, quick), reverse engineering

(analysis product parts manufacturing mode and process) know, diversification

strategy (in new technology explore new market).

3 选址与布局

关键点:长期收益和成本的比;目标:潜在收益;选项:扩大现有设施,增加设施

Key points: long-term benefits compare to costs; Goal: potential income;

Options: expanding existing facilities, increase facilities

选址要素:国家(Country)、地区(Region)、地点(Site)。国家:政策(Government rules,

attitudes, political risk, incentives)文化、经济情况、市场定位、工人情况(Labor availability,

attitudes, productivity, and cost)供应商情况(Availability of supplier, communications, energy)

汇率和货币风险。

工业选址布局:关注成本:revenue varies little,between locations;location is a major cost

factor:affect shipping&production cost(e.g labor),costs vary greatly between locations

服务业选址:关注收入:cost vary little between market areas;location is a major

revenue factor:affects amount of customer...