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Category: US History
Date Submitted: 10/21/2015 11:31 PM
Explorations, Discovery, and Settlement (1492-1700): Definitions
* Sioux; Pawnee; Pueblo; Iroquois- the Sioux and the Pawnee followed the buffalo herds; the Pueblos in the southwest lived in multistoried buildings and developed intricate irrigation systems for their farming; in the Northeast, Iroquois tribes formed a political confederacy, the League of the Iroquois.
* Mayas; Incas; Aztecs- the Mayas built remarkable cities in the rain forests of the Yucatán Peninsula; the Aztecs in central Mexico and the Incas in Peru ruled over vast empires.
* Henry the Navigator- sponsored the voyages that succeeded in opening up a long sea route around South Africa’s Cape of Good Hope.
* Amerigo Vespucci-the land Columbus explored was named after this Italian sailor.
* Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)- the two disputing kingdoms of Spain and Portugal signed this treaty, which moved the map line a few degrees to the west.
* Vasco Nuñez de Balboa- crossed the isthmus of Panama and discovered the Pacific Ocean (1513).
* Ferdinand Magellan- sailed around the tip of South America (1520) and crossed the Pacific Ocean; one of his ships was the first ever to circumnavigate the globe.
* Hernan Cortés- conquered the Aztec empire in Mexico (1521).
* Francisco Pizarro- conquered the Inca empire in Peru (1532).
* Francisco Vásquez de Coronado- explored a vast territory in North America from present-day New Mexico into Kansas (1540-1542).
* Asiento System- the system in which the Spanish had to pay a tax to their king on each slave they imported to the Americas.
* John Cabot- an Italian sea captain who was under contract to England’s King Henry VII and explored the coast of Newfoundland in 1497.
* Giovanni de Verranzo- explored part of North America’s eastern coast hoping to find a northwest passage leading through the Americas to Asia.
* Samuel de Champlain- established the first permanent French settlement...