Anatomy Ii

1. Septal defect is a hole in the septum, the muscle wall that separates the chambers of the heart. Some symptoms of ASD is Shortness of breath, palpitations, and failure to grow. Most of septal defects close on their own by the age of 2 years old. If it does not close by this age usually requires treatment with surgery. Since pressure in heart is greater on the left side. Blood gets pushed through the hole from the left side to the right. This can then cause the right atrium to become enlarged. The foramen ovale is an opening in the fetal heart between the right and left atria. It usually closes after birth. It this hole does not close it cause a problem called the ostium secundum defect. This defect is then most common kind of atrial septal defect.

A person can experience different symptoms if the hole is located between the right and left ventricles. Ventricle Septal defect is a hole in the wall separating the 2 lower chambers of the heart. If develops normally the wall between the chambers close before the fetus is born. This happens so oxygen rich blood is kept from mixing with oxygen poor blood. If the hole doesn’t close it can cause increased pressure and reduced O2 in the body. If this opening is small in size no symptoms occur because the heart and lungs don’t have to work harder. A loud heart murmur is usually the only finding. Most of the time small ventricle septal defects close on their own.

2. An artificial heart should have three main components which include a right and left ventricle, and an implanted battery for an artificial heart to function. The right ventricle to push blood through pulmonary arteries to lungs and left ventricle to push blood through aorta to body. An artificial heart transplant causes a high risk for infection.