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Sociology Unit 4 Terms

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Unit FOUR: Social Inequality

1. Social stratification – how society is sorted into groups (aka “strata”) based on different access to scarce resources and social rewards

2. Social inequality –

3. Exogamy –

4. Endogamy –

5. Caste system –

6. Class system -

7. Socioeconomic status -

8. Life chances –

9. Social mobility

10. Horizontal mobility –

11. Vertical mobility -

12. Intergenerational mobility –

13. Poverty –

14. Poverty level – minimum annual income needed by a family to survive

15. Race –

16. Ethnicity –

17. Ethnic group –

18. Minority group

19. Discrimination –

20. Prejudice -

21. Stereotype –

22. Scape-goating –

23. Cultural pluralism – a policy that allows each group within a society to keep its unique cultural identity

24. Assimilation – the blending of culturally distinct groups into a single group with a common culture and identity

25. Segregation –

26. Subjugation – maintaining control over a group through force

27. Genocide – extermination aimed at intentionally destroying an entire targeted population

28. Gender –

29. Gender roles –

30. Sex – biological/chromosomal traits that determine physical characteristics

31. Sexism – belief that one sex is by nature superior to the other

32. Glass ceiling – the invisible barrier that prevents women from gaining upper-level positions in business

33. Ageism – the belief that one age category is by nature superior to another age category

34. Graying of America – the phenomenon of the growing percentage of elderly Americans as part as the total U.S. population

35. Baby-boom generation – collective term for the approximately 76 million children born in the United States from 1946 through 1 964

36. Dependency ratio – the number of workers for each person...