A Framework for Design

RESEARCH

DESIGN

Qualitative,

Quantitative.

and Mixed Methods

Approaches

SECOND EDITION

John W. Creswell

University of Nebraska, Lincoln

SAGE Publications

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London

New Delhi

~ 6 7 6 3Copyright O 2003 by Sage Publications, Inc.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Creswell, John W.

Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method

approaches I by John W. Creswel1.- 2nd ed.

p. cm

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

ISBN 0-7619-2441-8 (c) - ISBN 0-7619-2442-6 (pbk.)

1. Social sciences-Research-Methodology.

2. Social sciences-Statistical methods. I. Title.

H62 .C6963 2002

30W.7'2-dc21

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Michelle Lee

CHAPTER ONE

A Framework

for Design

I

n the past two decades, research approaches have multiplied to

a point at which investigators or inquirers have many choices. For

those designing a proposal or plan, I recommend that a general

framework be adopted to provide guidance about all facets of the

study, from assessing the general philosophical ideas...