The Moral Essay

1) Value Analysis Strategy

The first strategy which is the value analysis strategy was introduced by J.R. Franenkel and Coomb in 1980. The purpose of this strategy is to resolve the dilemma problems of moral conflict. It consists of 2 approaches, that is Fraenkel Approach and Coomb Approach. In between of these approaches, they share of one common value- both approach conflicts by identifying beforehand the value elements and facts with an analytic mindset. The action taken is always based on the study of pros and cons based on the fact which require rational and logical thinking before any value judgement is made. As an example when having analysis, one is required to study the effect or consequences that are likely to happen, consider the feeling and welfare of people in conflict which is very time consuming. Usually, complex conflict such as involve of facts, people and moral values can be analysed through this strategy.

2) Cognitive Moral Development

The studies of psychologist Lawrence Kohlbergl concluded that there is a three-level arrangement and moral conflicts are solved based on the individual’s development. At the pre-conventional level, children generally are well behaved and will respond according to the expectation of the society despite whether the situation is good or bad. In this stage, individuals respond well to punishments and superior power due to fear. Individuals are concerned about fulfilling their own requirements and occasionally others. At the conventional level, individuals act according to the social norm. Individuals will attempt to live up to the hopes and expectation of others and bring joy to others in this stage. They also obey the rules and regulations that are set. They will view a situation from another individual’s perspective. Respect is gained through good conduct and duties are completed. At the post conventional level, individuals tend to move towards neutral legal moral principles. In the later stage, decisions are...