Bit Homework

Ch. 8 1, 4, 8, 11, 16

1. Interference- this transmission error deals electromagnetic radiation emitted from devices, such as electric motors, that cause noise and disturb radio transmissions and signals traveling across wires.

Distortion- This transmission error deals with physical systems distorting signals. Wires have certain properties that can block signals at some frequencies while admitting signals at other frequencies and placing a wire near a large metal object can change the set of frequencies that can pass through the wire.

Attenuation- As a signal passes through a medium the signal will naturally become weaker.

4. A codeword is the set of all possible encoded versions. An ideal channel coding scheme is one that any changes to bits in a valid codeword will produce an invalid combination.

8. Using the exclusive or to figure the hamming distance

0000+00001=0001=1 bit 0101+0001=0100=1 bit 1111+1001=0110=2 bits

0001+1110=1111= 4 bits

11. 1 0 0 0 1

1 1 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0

1 0 1 0 0

16. 10010101010 as a polynomial

x^10+x^7+x^5+x^3+x+1

10101 as a polynomial

x^4+x^2+1

Ch. 9 2, 3, 4, 6, 7

2. The advantages of a parallel transmission is that it has high speed and that it matches to underlying hardware. The main disadvantage is that there would have to many independent wires that synchronized, which can be costly and difficult to do.

3. When transmitting a 32-bit 2’s complement integer in big-endian order, the sign bit will be transmitted first.

4. The chief characteristic in asynchronous transmission is that the transmission can occur at any time with arbitrary delays between the transmissions.

6. A start bit is used in RS-232 Asynchronous character transmission. The start bit is used to tell the receiver the start of a new character.

7. When using a synchronous transmission scheme and the sender does not have data to send then the sender starts its idle sequence of bits to make sure that the sender and receiver stay...