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Synthesis Macroscale of t-Pentyl Chloride Corinne Roels Sudipta Biswas Wed: 12:55-4:45 Lab Experiment 23C (modified) and 23D Abstract: The object of this lab is to synthesize the tertiary alkyl halide, t-pentyl chloride from a basic alcohol, t-pentyl alcohol. The reaction occurs through an SN1 reaction, a unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction. The products were created through the steps of this reaction, wherein the t-pentyl alcohol binds to the H+ ions of the hydrochloric acid forming H2O, and then a Chlorine atom attacks the carbon-chain where the positively charged Carbon atom lies. After the reaction is completed through a series of instigation of the reagents and venting, the products are determined through a boiling point determination and infrared spectrum. With the termination of this experiment, it can be concluded that the percent yield of the final product is 83.53%, as 4.798 grams of t-pentyl chloride were created throughout the multi-step reaction starting with 5.744 grams of t-pentyl alcohol. The experimental compound can also be determined as the desired product through its calculated boiling point, and its close parallel to that of theoretical t-pentyl chloride. 84.3C closely correlates with the literature value of 85C - 86C. The results can then be verified further through the analysis of the infrared spectrum of the synthesized product. Introduction: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize t-pentyl chloride from t-pentyl alcohol. Through the mechanisms of a basic SN1 reaction, as seen in the diagram below, the tertiary alkyl halide can be prepared by allowing t-pentyl alcohol to react with concentrated hydrochloric acid. As the reaction proceeds, the insoluble alkyl halide product forms on upper phase as seen below: Upon synthesis of the final product, t-pentyl chloride, the identity of the alkyl halide can be reaffirmed through the boiling procedure, in which it is determined to have a boiling point of around 85.5 Celcius. If...