Heart Study Guide

Heart Study Guide

1. What is the purpose of the cardiovascular system? The purpose of the cardiovascular system is to carry oxygen and nutrients to all of the cells inside of the body as well as pick up carbon dioxide and other waste products the body produces so that they can be disposed of.

2. Where is the heart located? The heart is located just behind as well as a little left of the breastbone.

3. What is the shape of the heart? The heart is a fist sized, muscle, which has smooth and rounded sides and has an arch of blood on the top.

4. What is the size of the heart? A person’s heart is basically the size of their fist, so it varies from person to person.

5. Name the three layers of the outer layer of the heart. The three outer layers of the heart are the pericardium, the myocardium and the endocardium.

6. What does the pericardium consist of? What is the outer layer of the pericardium called?

7. Name the 4 chambers of the heart. The four chambers of the heart are the left ventricle, the right ventricle and the left and right atrium.

8. Where is the bicuspid valve? It is located between the left atrium and left ventricle.

9. Where is the tricuspid (mitral) valve?

10. Which valve controls the exit of the right ventricle?

11. Which valve controls the exit of the left ventricle?

12. What large veins supply blood to the right atrium?

13. Where does the blood come from when entering the right atrium?

14. Where does the blood go after leaving the right ventricle?

15. Where does the blood go after leaving the left ventricle?

16. Where do veins go? They do not go anywhere they stay in place,

17. Where do arteries go?

18. Which veins and arteries defy the normal rule of thumb for direction of blood flow?

19. Why do veins have valves and arteries do not?

20. Why is the left ventricle so much larger than the right ventricle?