Human Urinary Bladder Cancer T24 Cells Are Susceptible to the

Abstract

Bladder cancer has been cited to result from the neoplastic lesion with environmental and/or occupational factors identified as

causatives. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common type of bladder cancer. Most of the bladder cancer patients die

from the invasive, metastatic TCC that has turned out to be resistant to chemotherapy. T24 cells, a cell line established from a

human urinary bladder cancer patient, are high-grade and invasive TCC. T24 cells were found very susceptible to ACCE at

concentration of 50 mg/mL. MTT assay showed that the cell growth and proliferation were inhibited to 50% of the control when

treated with ACCE for 72 h, at which the cell proliferation suppressing rate revealed K4.4!103 cells/mg per day. Comparing the

expressions of the cell cycle biomarkers Cdc2 and Cyclin B1 by the western blot analysis, a phase G2M arrest was confirmed. Both

the wound scratch assay and the transwell motility assay indicated that ACCE was very effective anti-metastatic against T24 cells.

Furthermore, the active form of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was also found totally suppressed as revealed by

zymography at 72 h post-incubation with ACCE, while the light and electron microscopic images have apparently revealed cell

membrane damages on T24 cells when treated with ACCE (50 mg/mL). Moreover, both the wound scratch and the transwell assays

have demonstrated the migration capability of T24 cells has been significantly retarded to 1.5-fold at same dosage of ACCE used.

In conclusion, ACCE is a good anti-cancer agent, being effective in inducing phase G2M arrest, acting as an anti-proliferative, and

an anti-metastatic agent against bladder cancer cell T24 cells.

q 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Antrodia camphorata; Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC); Migration; Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)