Lobes of Brain

LOBES OF THE BRAIN

(4) Lobes of the brain (Waxman, 2003 & Rubin & Safdieh, 2007)

1. Frontal: superior to lateral cerebral fissure and anterior to central sulcus [R & S, pic. 33]; frontal eye field, Broca’s Area – motor aspects of speech, houses the primary motor area (motor homunculus), premotor area, supplementary motor area, prefrontal area (aka association area), which has connections with dorsal medial & ventral anterior thalamus [R & S, pic. 173]

* Association area critical for behavior modification; integrating motor and sensory functions into goal directed behavior

* Frontal lobe damage causes behavioral change – eg. apathy, disinhibition, distractibility, impaired judgment

1. Parietal: [R & S, pic. 33] from central sulcus to parieto-occipital fissure and inferior border lateral cerebral fissure; primary sensory area (sensory homunculus); sensory input & integration, receptive speech (Rubin & Safdieh, 2007) ; receives input from ventral posterolateral (VPL) & ventral posteromedial (VPM) nuclei in the thalamus

* Pusher Syndrome associated with damage to VPM & VPL

2. Temporal: [R & S, pic. 33] below lateral cerebral fissure and extends to parieto-occipital fissure; primary auditory cortex – processing auditory info; associative (secondary) auditory cortex; Wernicke’s area - language comprehension; memory (Waxman, 2003)

3. Occipital: [R & S, pic. 33] posterior to parieto-occipital fissure; the primary visual cortex; responsible for visual input & processing; images from the upper part of retina (lower visual field) represented in the upper part of cortex and images from lower part retina (upper part of visual field) represented on lower part of the cortex; visual association cortex; a “visual map” which is also found in the temporal (determines where a stimulus is) and parietal lobes; visual association cortex extrapolates info about forms, colors and movement....