Read "Comparing Co-Workers Against Each Other: Does This Motivate Employees" and Answer Questions 1, 2 and 3. Answer Question 1 Using Both Expectancy Theory and Equity Theory as Your Basis for Discussion. for Question 2,

Q1.

According to Cary L. Cooper and Chris Argyris “ Force Ranking is a performance intervention, which can be defined as an evaluation method of forced distribution, where managers are required to distribute ratings for those being evaluated, into a pre-specified performance distribution ranking”. The results and analysis of the ranking serves managers either to promote or demote their employees, at that it depends on the individual evaluation of the performer. The worst case of a bad performance can lead to loss of job. Focusing at the expectancy theory (Ivancevich p.144) the force ranking method is preferable because the performance of each person can be categorized after the appraisal in certain level of outcomes. The ranking puts employees in different categories e.g. 10% high-level performance, 40% mid-level performance as 50% low level performance. After the analysis of the performance each employee will be promoted or demoted.

In my opinion this is not the way to motivate employees. Regarding Herzberg´s theory (p.128) job enrichment would be more effective “by building personnel achievement, recognition, challenge, responsibility and growth opportunities into a person´s job”. Hereby the result among other can be an increase in motivation. Additionally in my point of view the dark side of a Force Ranking can be that employees are evaluated by insignificant points instead of being evaluated by their performance.

Q2.

The theorist Ivancevich presents in his book “Organizational Behavior and Management “ the meaning of equity theory. The theory is based on employees how far they are treated fairly in their workplace and how far their motivation is influenced by this. The importance hereby is that each individual person desires to be treated fairly and equitably. The negative reaction to force ranking of the employees is attributed to the unequal reward and treatment after the appraisal, according to the equity theory, because the employees are...