Submitted by: Submitted by mazr00
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Category: Science and Technology
Date Submitted: 05/30/2012 02:10 AM
An intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is also sometimes called an intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation pump. It is a device used by surgeons who treat heart patients. This device consists of a thin, inflatable tube, called a catheter, that is hooked up to a balloon. An IABP also contains a device to inflate and deflate the balloon, as well as a gas container.
The intra-aortic balloon, by inflating during diastole, displaces blood volume from the thoracic aorta. In systole, as the balloon rapidly deflates, this creates a dead space, effectively reducing afterload for myocardial ejection and improving forward flow from the left ventricle. The net effect is to decrease systolic aortic pressure by as much as 20% and increase diastolic pressure. It can automatically keep pace with the patient’s heartbeat with the use of either a pacemaker or a timing device.
An intra-aortic balloon pump may be used by patients who have suffered from heart failure, or ischemia. Ischemia occurs when the heart does not get enough oxygen, which can be due to blood vessels becoming narrow or blocked. Sometimes, an IABP device can be used for patients who are having heart surgery. This helps the surgeon evaluate the blood pressure in the aorta.
Some patients may not gain full benefits from an IABP. Patients who have a blood vessel disease, diabetes, or those who smoke may be at a greater risk of complications from this procedure. If the patient has suffered severe damage to the heart, the IABP may not work as well. Patients who suffer complications from this device may experience infection, blood clots, and poor circulation.