Restorative Justice Determined by Geography

Introduction

Restorative justice (RJ) can be defined as helping victims, their offenders and the community communicate about the offence. It is an approach that requires contributions from all levels of society: both those directly and indirectly affected by crime. In particular I intend to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of the 4 jurisdictions of the UK and how each differ in their practice of restorative justice.

By examining the Youth Justice System (YJS) in different geographical locations, particularly early interventions, RJ programs and theoretical perspectives, enables a more thorough understanding of the ‘radical potential’ of restorative justice. Additionally it will allow me to assess the value of such systems, as well as highlighting the potential for an improved (YJS) in the UK.

Where possible this paper will draw on empirical research to gain an indication of how offenders, victims and communities lives are affected by RJ practices. Ultimately, the importance of this discussion is to explore the different practices of RJ, discuss how and why they vary in each jurisdiction and demonstrate how the use of RJ has the radical potential to re-create a sense of security for those involved.

Function and operation of the YJS in the UK and Wales

In the contemporary YJS in the UK, RJ, as an approach to tackling criminal behaviour is becoming increasingly prominent. RJ can be explained as directly rebuilding relationships between offenders and victims. The objective is to break down the relationships that exist between individuals connected through crime. RJ can, therefore, benefit the whole community by re-establishing balance, harmony and a sense of social support.

It is important we learn from the history of the criminal justice system to further our knowledge and gain insight into different theories and methods previously used, Anthropological origins state that RJ has been present in non- state, pre- state and early state societies,...