Pharmacy

Eras Ancient Era Beginning of time to 1600 AD Empiric Era – 1600 to 1940 Industrialization Era – 1940 to 1970 Patient Care Era 1970 to present Biotechnology and genetic engineering

Ancient Era From the beginning of time to 1600 AD

Early man used materials in his surroundings, Leaves, mud and cool water were used to stop bleeding and heal wounds. Dry clay was used to splint broken bones. They copied animal behavior . At some point man began to document healing practices on clay tablets 2600 B.C. One of the earliest known records written around 1500 B.C. was the Ebers Papyrus named by George Ebers. Ebers Papyrus Contains formulas for more than 800 ancient remedies.

The Romans conquered the Greeks and the medical and pharmaceutical cultures merged, it is known as the Greco-Roman era.

• Greek Figures Hippocrates “The father if Medicine” was a philosopher, Physician and Pharmacist. He liberated medicine from the mythical “Bad Spirits” He also wrote the Oath of Hypocrites

• Theophrastus Known as the “Father of Botany” He studied the adverse effects of plants

Paracelsus

Theophrastus Phillippus Aureolus Bombastus von Hohenheim.

Swiss born physician who believed in chemical treatment of disease rather than botanical.

Roman pharmacy titles:

• Pharmacopeia: Maker of remedies

• Pharmacotritae: Drug Grinders

• Unguentarii: Makers of ointments

• Pigmentarii: Maker of cosmetics

• Pharmacopolae: Seller of drugs

• Aromatarii: Dealers of spices Pharmacist of today had not yet evolved

The Arabian Influence:

Major advances in this era Formularies: The continuation of documentation of drug information. They also had different drug forms which are now used: Syrups, Conserves, Confections and juleps. The first Pharmacy shop in the world was in Baghdad about 792 A.D.

The Renaissance 1350- 1650 A.D. (End of the ancient era)

Pharmacy became...