Isat Test Review

1. What is the ozone layer and where is it found?

a. A designated region in the stratosphere of maximum ozone concentration. Shields us from ultraviolet rays.

2. What is a Dobson unit?

the most common unit for measuring ozone concentration. One Dobson Unit is the number of molecules of ozone that would be required to create a layer of pure ozone 0.01 millimeters thick at a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (the air pressure at the surface of the Earth).

3. Why does the “ozone hole” form over Antarctica in the spring?

By the time spring arrives and the sun comes back after the long polar night, the ozone levels are severely depleted around the Antarctic continent causing the "ozone hole". Unfortunately, there then follows a particularly long period of high sunshine and long days, just to make the effect of the ozone hole worse.

4. Indicate relative energy level, wavelength, and frequency of visible, UV, Infrared, microwave, radio, and x-ray radiation.

Longer Wavelength= lower frequency

Shorter Wavelength= higher frequency

UV- lies adjacent to violet end of the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum, but at shorter wavelengths. Wavelength= 10 ^-8

Visible- wavelength= 10^-6

X-ray- shorter wavelengths = 10^-10

Infrared- longer wavelengths= 10^-4

Microwaves- have wavelengths on order of centimeters= 10^-2

Radio- longer wavelengths= 10^2

5. What are some effects of reduced ozone levels in the stratosphere?

6. Draw a Lewis structure for a simple molecule (you will be given a periodic table). Predict the molecule’s shape. (ex. H2O, SO2, O3, NO, NO2, CO2, H2S, CH4, O2, N2)

H2O- H-O-H

SO2- S-O=S

O3- O-O=O

NO- N-O

NO2- O-N=O AX2E1 bent

CO2- O=C=O

H2S-

CH4-

O2-

N2-

7. Describe the Chapman cycle, and use the chemical equations of the cycle to explain how ozone “protects” us from UV light.

O2 + energy (l < 242 nm) → 2O (formation) (UV - C) Ozone Layer filters some...