Study Guide Unit 3

Unit 3 Lecture Study Guide

1. List the 4 primary tissue types and give the general characteristics and functions of each one.

- Epithelium: covering organs, lining body cavities, lining hollow organs, part of most glands

- Connective: bind structures (i.e. ligaments), support and protection (tissue around joint), framework (skeleton), fill spaces (loose tissue between muscles), store fat

- Muscle: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is a voluntary type of muscle tissue that is used in the contraction of skeletal parts. Smooth muscle is found in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels. It is an involuntary type. The cardiac muscle is only found in the walls of the heart and is involuntary

- Nervous: composed of specialized cells which not only receive stimuli but also conduct impulses to and from all parts of the body. Nerve cells or neurons are long and string-like

2. How are epithelial tissues classified?

- Epithelial tissues are classified on the basis of cell shape and arrangement. The cell shapes are columnar (column shaped cells), cuboidal (cube shaped cells), and squamous (scale-like cells)

3. How does the type of epithelial tissue relate to its function? Give at least 1 example of where you would find each type of epithelial tissue.

- Simple squamous epithelium consists of one layer of thin, flat epithelial cells resting on a basement membrane formed of connective tissue. It is found in such places as the alveoli of the lung and lining blood vessels. Squamous epithelial cells are flat, tightly adherent to each other, thin, and have a smooth surface. Their minute thickness serves them well in the lung alveol. The alveoli are the site of gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the gases in the blood, which occurs by diffusion. The rate of diffusion is inversely dependent on the thickness of the surface through which diffusion occurs; the thicker the layers, the slower the diffusion.

4. Differentiate between...