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Homo habilis and Homo erectus are ancestors to the modern human. Homo habilis appeared in Africa about 2.4 million years ago. The name Homo habilis means “the handy man”. It was named that way because it used stones tools for needs such as chopping and scraping. The name Homo erectus means “the upright man” because it walked completely upright like a modern human. Many changes occurred between these two groups, such as their brain and skeleton, the tools they made and used, their achievements, and their location and migration pattern. All these changes contributed to the development of the modern human.

The brain size of a Homo habilis ranged between 500 to 900cc. Homo erectus had a much larger cranial capacity, which ranged between 850 and 1100cc. Also, Homo erectus’ face and body had other changes. It had a less slopping forehead, smaller teeth and jaw, less prominent cheekbones and large brow ridges. It had a more noticeable external nose, a vertical shortening of the face, and a more barrel-shaped chest. The height of a Homo habilis was shorter at about 1.3m for a male, and they had disproportionately long arms. The height and body size of a Homo erectus was closer to that of a modern human, averaging about 1.8 m or 5 feet 10.5 inches for a male. Overall, Homo erectus looked more like a modern human than Homo habilis.

Another difference between the two groups was their use of tools and their achievements. Homo habilis’s biggest achievement was the use of early stone tools, primarily for chopping and scrapping rather than hunting. Their tools belonged to the Oldowan industry. They used stone, bone and quartz flakes to make them. They were more advances that previous tools. Homo erectus’ tools belong to the Acheulian period. They still used primitive tools but developed some more sophisticated tools than Homo habilis like the bifacial hand axe and scrapers. Unlike the Homo habilis, some of their tools were used for hunting and not just...