Commerce

Industrial Relations

Chapter-1

Introduction:

1. The complex of inter of interrelations among workers, managers and government-Dunlop.

2. IR is mainly concerned with employer-employee relationship-E.F.L. Breach

3. The term IR explain the relationship between employees and management which stems directly from union employer relationship-Aguihotri

Importance of IR

1. Creating dynamism

2. Creating cooperation

3. Management satisfaction

4. Job satisfaction

5. Maintenance of environment

6. Reducing dispute

7. Reducing absenteeism

8. Delayed presence

9. Reducing labor turnover

10. Continuous development

Forces Influencing IR

There are 4 (four) forces influencing industrial relations.

1. Social forces:

a) Social groups

b) Social Values

c) Social status

2. Psychological forces:

a) Motivation

b) Alienation

c) Morale

3. Political forces:

a) Democracy

b) Dictatorship

4. Economic forces:

a) Unemployment

b) Inflation

c) Demand

d) Income gap

Forces Influencing Industrial Relations

Some forces influence the pattern of industrial relations in an organization. If these forces behave positively industrial relations may be favourable for both the employer and employees. On the other hand, if these force do not behave positively, industrial relations patter may be unfortable for both the parties. However, we have four forces influencing industrial relations. These forces are briefly discussed bellow:

1. Social Forces: Social forces include three sub-forces as follows:

a) Social groups: Employees in an organization constitute a social group and they establish interrelationship. If the relationship between the group members is harmonious they can contribute for the growth of industry.

b) Social values: Every member of the group must comply with social values. He cannot ignore that values-whether he agrees or not. If he violates the values,...