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Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea
Chapter 4
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Types of Microbes
Cellular Prokaryotes
(a) Cell Types Prokaryotic Chromosome Ribosomes Nucleic acid AIDS virus Eukaryotic Ribosomes NucleusMitochondria
Acellular Eukaryotes Viruses
(b) VirusTypes Envelope Capsid
Flagellum
Cellwall Cell membrane
Flagellum
Cell membrane
Bacterial virus
Bacteria and archaea
Fungi,protozoa, helminths
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Viruses and bacteriophage
Size DOES Matter
Prokaryote Dimensions Surface Area Volume Surface-tovolume ratio 1 µm 6 µm2 1 µm3 6 µm-1 Eukaryote 30 µm 5,400 µm2 27,000 µm3 0.2 µm-1 Comparison 30X smaller 900X smaller 27,000X smaller 30X LARGER
• Assuming cubic cell shape • This affects transport and metabolism
Chapter 4, pages 80 to 107
1
Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
4.1 Prokaryotic Form and Function
Structures common to all bacterial cells
• Cell membrane • Cytoplasm • Ribosomes • One (or a few) chromosomes
Structures found in most bacterial cells
• Cell wall • Surface coating or glycocalyx
Chapter 4, pages 80 to 107
2
Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
Structures found in some bacterial cells
• Flagella • Pili • Fimbriae • Capsules • Slime layers • Inclusions • Actin cytoskeleton • Endospores
Prokaryote Cell
4.2 External Structures
•...