Research Paper About Organizational Behaviors

Close system | Open system |

* Using its own resources to survive, not interact with outside environment. * Example: The universe is a ideal example for close system. * Characteristics of close system in organization: well-oiled machines or highly disciplined military units. | * Using resources from surrounding environment to survive, having a strong relationship or interaction with environment. * Example: Human body is an open system because it needs resources from environment to be alive such as air, food, and water. * Characteristics of open system in organization: self-correction, adaptation, and growth. |

Hardiness is capability of endurance to transfer from pessimistic status to optimistic status. It includes a group of characteristics to reduce occupational stress such as commitment, locus of control, and challenge.

First of all, commitment is the range of every tasks that people take apart in. Committed people never give up before any difficulties and strongly work with their purposes. They want to put themselves into the situation and handle it as well.

Secondly, there are two kinds of locus of control such as internal and external one. Internal locus of control is more likely belong to hardiness because it believes that people can control the events and their performance which affect their life. They always think every situation in positive way.

Thirdly, challenge means people want to take and easily adapt to change. After that, they are more growth and development.

In my opinion, I rate myself 70% of hardiness level because I like to take challenges to develop myself, high commitment in my work but I am not high at internal locus of control.

The similarity between leading and managing is that the influence of leaders or managers to their subordinates and make them follow the instructions to achieve goals. Additionally, leaders and managers also master the art of motivation others as well.

The differences between...