Unit 16 Anatomy and Physiology Study Guide

1. The testes produce sperm; Seminal vesicles are attached to the vas deferens, and produce a sugar-rich fluid that gives energy to sperm; the prostate gland makes fluid; sperm male reproductive cell gametes that have oval heads with a nucleus, a short neck, and a tail that allows movement to allow the fertilization of eggs; the penis is the external male organ that is used in reproduction to transfer semen to the female, it expels urine as well.

2. Vagina a canal that joins the cervix to the outside of your body, also known as the birth canal; Ovaries are oval-shaped glands on either side of the uterus that produce eggs and hormones; Oviduct, also known as the fallopian tubes, are tunnels that allow egg cells to travel from the ovaries to the uterus, this is also where fertilization takes place; Uterus, the hollow organ that is where a fetus develops; Labia majora the outer folds enclosing women’s and girl’s genitalia, protects all of the females external genitalia.

3. The urethra, the penis, prepuce, the testes, the glans penis.

4. They are both the reproductive cells of mammals that when combined evolve into another being. Sperm can always be produced in males, where as women are born with a limited supply of eggs, that eventually runs out.

5. Step 1: Follicle stimulating hormone is released by the anterior pituitary, which causes immature eggs to develop. Step 2: Leutenizing hormone is released which causes the immature eggs to secrete estrogen, ovulation begins. Step 3: after ovulation occurs the amount of LH in blood begins to decline, which causes the empty follicle to stop secreting estrogen. If fertilization does not occur the corpus luteum begins to break down, causing large amounts of progesterone to be released. This causes the uterine lining to break down , and for menstruation to begin.

6. Gonadotropins are hormones secreted by the pituitary gland, that influences gonadal activity, such as the onset of sexual maturity and...