Cardiobascular, Immune, Respiratory System Immunological Malfunction?

Case Study: Cardiovascular, Immune, Respiratory System

Immunological Malfunction?

Immunoglobulins:

1. List the different immunoglobin types and explain where they are found and what their functions are.

IgG, IgA, IgE, IgM, IgD.

IgG: Most common immunoglobin with half-life of 23 days. It is present in serum of blood 13.5 mg/ml in a normal person. Has many functions such as neutralization, inhibition of B-cells, cell-mediated response (cytotoxicity- or destruction of cells).

IgA: Normally found at 3.5 mg/ml in normal patients. They are found in mucousal layers in the body as well as in brest mil. It helps neutralize microbes and stopping them from going into the person’s body. It can have different types such as the monomer, dimmer, or trimer. (2, 4, or 6 antigen binding sites.)

IgE: In blood serum with .05 mg/ml in normal person. Their function is to attach to large pathogens that are too big to destroy/eat through phagocytosis. They attach to the surface to the pathogen and then eosinophil cells release destructive enzymes that kill the pathogen outside the cell (extracellularly).

IgM: Present in blood serum and surface of B-cells as antigen receptors. It’s the first antibody produced by the B-cells. Their function is to neutralize microbes and they’re involved in “activation pathways” of the immune system. Which is when the immune system starts acting against the invaders or pathogens.

IgD: On surface of B-cells as antigen receptors. They’re found in blood serum, B-cells (which can be found in the lymph nodes and spleen.) They have similar structures of IgM antibodies because it’s formed by splicing IgM.

2. Looking over this list, do Daniel's recurrent lung infections make sense? Why?

Daniel’s recurring lung infections make sensee because imunoglobens IgG, IgE, and IgAare low. IgA for example protects the mucousal areas of the body such as the respiratory tract, which is where Daniel is experiencing many of his infections. IgE is...