Rrl. Algae Biofuel

Review of Related Literature

Algae are a very large and diverse group of simple, typically autotrophic organisms, ranging from unicellular to multicellular forms which is known scientifically as Chlorophyta. In the Philippines it is widely known as Lumot— an encompass several groups of relatively simple living aquatic organisms that capture light energy through photosynthesis, using it to convert inorganic substances into organic matter that found mostly on stagnant waters. Cholorophyta are adapted to shallow water, and live in both freshwater and marine habitats. 90% of Chlorophyta are freshwater species. Those that live in marine habitats largely inhabit tropical environments. There are a small number of terrestrial species; these largely dwell on rocks or trees. Some species form symbiotic relationships with fungi, producing lichens. There are a few instances in which Chlorophyta have formed symbiotic relationships with animals.The Chlorophyta species Caulerpa racemosa was introduced to the Mediterranean Sea in 1990. It was first observed in France in 1997, and has continued spreading. Many of the invaded locations are fishing areas. The Mediterranean Sea has many environmental factors that encourage the growth of Caulerpa racemosa, such as an ideal climate and substrata.The species Spirogyra insignis is known to adapt to harsh conditions through spontaneous mutation.

According to Flores-Moya who studied the adaptation of this species in sulpherous waters. At first, its growth and reproduction was inhibited. However, the culture survived due to the growth of a resistant variant that formed before the culture was introduced to these sulfurous waters. This type of spontaneous mutation is what allows the species to survive. Algae can grow just about anywhere where there is moisture. Therefore, the term "algae" is a common one, rather than a word that connotes a specific, scientific meaning. The Chlorophyta or green algae consist of about 7,000...