Ethics

Ethics Essay

ETH/316 – Ethics and Social Responsibility

Ethics

Deontological, Utilitarianism, and Virtue ethics are considered to be theories of goodness. Goodness is related to the approval or satisfaction of yourself and others.

Deontological Ethics

Deontology bases its beliefs and practices upon what is dutiful and the right actions to be taken; also important are not only the consequences of these actions but also the reasoning for them. Deontological ethics got its roots from Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher. Part of Kant’s theory is that one’s duty morally will initiate or inhibit their actions and behaviors regardless of the consequences of those actions. These actions speak volumes on one’s morals or lack of them, but regardless of circumstances or justifications, wrongful deeds are still wrongful deeds. Under Kantian theory, acting morally is one’s duty, and part of adhering to moral laws.

Utilitarianism

An opposing view is Utilitarianism, it takes a more theological stand on ethics with moral worth based upon consequences of actions taken. A foundational principle of Utilitarianism is to provide in all situations the most good for the most people. A pioneering force in Utilitarianism was Jeremy Bentham, who developed a pain and pleasure management system based on durations and intensity levels. Some argue that it is not applicable to people facing moral decisions.

Virtue Ethics

The philosophical roots of Virtue ethics come from early Greek history and Aristotle, he was not so concerned with what should be done, but with what should one aspire to become.

This segment of ethics bases its position upon issues dealing with one’s character, and the development of that character toward excellence or “virtue” through practicing a balance of actions between excesses and defects.

Less emphasis is levied on rules to follow, versus enhancing or improving upon traits like compassion, fairness, generosity, honesty, and kindness.

Morality...