Child Development

CONTINUOUS/DISCONTINUOUS

Continuous

Gradually develops by adding new skills & knowledge onto old ones

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ONE COURSE / MANY

Stage Theorists: Assume people follow same

development sequences EG: Childhood - common influences that lead people to represent world through language & make believe play Middle childhood - reason more logically Adolescence - reason more systematically Distinct Contexts: Unique combinations of personal & environmental circumstance  in different paths of change EG: shy child would develop in different contexts than a socialite ...Different circumstances increase different cognitive capacities, social skills, feelings of self & others Today - aware of cultural diversity & both provide insight into child development.

Discontinuous

Child goes through distinct stages (each unique until reaching highest level of functioning)

Each child goes through discontinuous processes, but within some stages, there is continuous development.

3 basic ideas on which child development theories stand

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QUESTION 2:

RETRIEVING INFO

1. Recognition Noticing stimulus is identical/similar to one previously experienced (simplest) 2. Recall Generating mental representation of an absent stimulus 3. Reconstruction Select & interpret info we encounter in everyday life in terms of existing knowledge

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MEMORY STRATEGIES

1. Rehearsal: Repeating information to yourself (in working memory) 2. Organisation: Grouping related items 3. Elaboration: Creating relationships between two pieces of information

ATTENTION DEVELOPMENT

1) Sustained Attention 2) Selective Attention 3) AdaptiveAttention

1. INHIBITON

2. ATTETNTIONAL STRATEGIES:

Memory Development: Attributing factors

 Production deficiency  Control deficiency  Utilization deficiency  Effective strategy use

METACOGNITIVE MEMORY KNOWLEDGE BASE

1. Semantic Memory 2. Episodic Memory 3. Eyewitness memory METACOGNITIVE MEMORY

1. Knowledge of cognitive capacities 2. Knowledge of...