Speaking and Writing

bii - Speaking and Writing Strategies for the TOEFL iBT

Copyright © 2009 by Bruce Stirling

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ISBN-10: 1-889057-58-4

ISBN-13: 978-1-889057-58-3

Speaking and Writing Strategies for the TOEFL iBT

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The material in this text, including argument maps, speaking and writing prompts, speaking and writing

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Speaking and Writing Strategies for the TOEFL iBT - iii

Contents

DEVELOPING AN ARGUMENT ………………………..……………………….….. 1

Arguments and the TOEFL iBT…………………………………………..……………… 1

What is an Argument?…………………………………………………………………….. 1

Personal-Opinion Argument: Deduction .……………………………………………… 2

Rhetorical Strategies ………………………………………………………………………. 4

Personal-Opinion Argument: Induction ……………………………..………………… 7

Developing Your Opinion ………………………………….……………………………… 8

Fact-Based Argument: Deduction ………………………………………………………11

Fact-Based Argument: Induction .………………………………………………………13

Coherence = A High Score ………………….………………………………………….. 14

Argument Mapping………………………..……………………………………………… 14

G+3TiC=C…..…………………………………………………………………………….... 15

TASK ORDER……………………………………………………………………………… 19

WRITING...