Global & Macro Economic Environment

Submitted by: Submitted by

Views: 396

Words: 875

Pages: 4

Category: Other Topics

Date Submitted: 11/19/2011 12:14 PM

Report This Essay

GLOBAL & MACRO ECONOMIC  ENVIRONMENT

ROLSTON FERNANDES ROLSTON FERNANDES

INFLATION

• Inflation Rate: Rate of change in Consumer Inflation Rate: Rate of change in Consumer  Price Index over given period of Time I = Current CPI – Last Period CPI I = Current CPI Last Period CPI Last Period CPI 

UNEMPLOYMENT

• Frictional: Economic changes prevent Frictional: Economic changes prevent  matching qualified workers with job openings • Structural: Unemployed workers do not have Structural: Unemployed workers do not have  the skills to match newly created jobs • C li l R Cyclical: Recession phase of business cycle,  i h fb i l economy producing at less than capacity

LABOUR DEMAND & SUPPLY LABOUR DEMAND & SUPPLY

A firm’s demand for labour is increased by – 1. Increase in price of the firm’s output 2. Increase in price of a productive input that is a  substitute for labour substitute for labour 3. Decrease in price of a productive input that is a  complement to labour The supply of labour is influenced by – 1. Substitution effect: Increase in wage rate causes  workers to substitute labour hours for leisure hours workers to substitute labour hours for leisure hours 2. Income Effect: Increase in income increases worker’s  demand for leisure

MONETARY & FISCAL POLICIES

MONEY, THE PRICE LEVEL AND  INFLATION

The goals of the Central Bank are – 1. Keep inflation low 2. Promote economic growth and full employment 3. Smooth business cycles 3 Smooth business cycles Central Bank targets the Overnight Rates Balance Sheet of the Central Bank ‐ 1. Assets: Government Securities, Gold and Foreign  Deposits, and loans to Banks 2. Liabilities: Reserve Notes / Currency , Reserves on  y Deposits

CENTRAL BANK POLICY TOOLS CENTRAL BANK POLICY TOOLS

1. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2. 3. Open Market Operations: Most Often used RBI buys government securities for Cash  Reserves Increase  Money  Supply Increases Selling Securities decreases the Money Supply...