Transformer

1. Introduction

The information in this part is on the construction, insulation of lamination, copper windings and insulation of copper windings. The transformer is an important device in the manufacturing and distribution of electricity but if its efficiency is low, it’s no good to the user. It’s important to know the construction of the transformer because every component used has an effect on its efficiency. Basically, the transformer’s efficiency is affected by the core used and the coils at each winding.

Figure 1 [1]

The figure above shows the transformer view and its insulation.

A transformer is constructed with the following essential part:

2. Transformer Construction

For the simple construction of a transformer, you need two coil having mutual inductance and a laminated steel core. The two coils are insulated from each other and from the steel core. The device will also need some suitable container for the assembled core and windings, a medium with the core and its winding from its container can be insulated. [1]

In order to insulate and to bring out the terminals of the winding from the tank, apt bushings that are made from either porcelain or capacitor type must be used. In all transformers that use commercially, the core is made out of transformer sheet steel laminations assembled to provide a continuous magnetic path with minimum of air-gap included. The steel should have high permeability and low hysteresis loss. [1]

For this to happen, the steel should be made of high silicon content and must also be heat treated. By effectively laminating the core, the eddy-current losses can be reduced. The lamination can be done with the help of a light coat of core plate varnish or lay an oxide layer on the surface. For a frequency of 50Hertz, the thickness of the lamination varies from 0,35mm to 0,5mm for a frequency of 25Hertz. [1]

Figure 1 [2]

3. Insulation of Lamination

Common types of lamination...