Project Mbok

10/2/2012

2.4 Organizational Influences on Project Management

The organizational culture, style, and structure influence how projects are performed.  An organization’s degree of project management maturity and its project management systems can also influence the project.

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2.4.1 Organizational Cultures and Styles

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Cultures and styles

◦ may have a strong influence on a project’s ability to meet the objectives. ◦ Cultures and styles are typically known as “cultural norms”. ◦ The “norms” include a common knowledge regarding how to approach getting the work done, what means are considered acceptable for getting the work done, and who is influential in facilitating the work getting done.

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2.4.1 Organizational Cultures and Styles

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Most organizations have developed unique cultures that manifest in numerous ways including:

◦ Shared visions, values, norms, beliefs, and expectations ◦ Policies, methods, and procedures ◦ View of authority relationships, and ◦ Work ethic and work hours

2.4.2 Organizational Structure

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Organizational structure

◦ is an enterprise environmental factor which can affect the availability of resources and influence how projects and conducted.

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Organizational structures range from functional to projectized, with a variety of matrix structures between them.

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Table 2-1

2.4.2 Organizational Structure

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The classical functional organization

◦ is a hierarchy where each employee has one clear superior.

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Staff member are grouped by specialty, such as production, marketing, engineering, and accounting at the top level.

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Figure 2-7

2.4.2 Organizational Structure

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Matrix organizations are a blend of functional and projectized characteristics.

◦ Weak matrices maintain many of the characteristics of a functional organization, and the project manager role is more of a coordinator or expeditor than that of a true project manager.

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