Cities

To build the civilization, a well-organized central government plays a vital role in a country. This would help a society as cities developed and expanded, the food supply and irrigation systems needed to be maintained. Governments, such as councils or religious leaders, began to oversee the business and existence of the cities. For example, the Mesopotamians had several kings who ruled their own territories. This resulted in the issues of empowerment as well as internal fights. On the other hand, the Ancient Egyptian government was ruled first and foremost by the Pharaoh. The Pharaoh was the supreme leader not only of the government, but also of the religion. Moreover, Ancient China had a government ruled by dynasties, sometimes united under one dynasty but often competing dynasties in controlling different regions.

On the other hand, as civilizations became more complex, artisans and craftsmen were needed to maintain specific items and tasks. Therefore, job specialization is very important to a country.There was a variety of jobs in Mesopotamia, such as potters, weavers, astronomers, and farmers. All of these jobs had a massive impact on Ancient Mesopotamia. In Ancient Egypt, they had craftsmen, doctors, lawyers, engineers, military leaders who were trained as scribes and priests who were the teachers at the schools. Most Ancient Egyptians were farmers. However, in China civilization the craftsmen were known as The Gong. Craftsmen in China civilization produced textiles and potteries, they are given the opportunity to choose either they want to work with the government or have their independent business (Hierarchy structure,n.d). Older civilization craftsmen play a big role in developing the civilization economy.

Cities, a very important feature of civilization. Civilization literally means "living in a city." It is derived from the Latin word for city, civitas. Since Mesopotamia is located in the fertile plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers...