Pediatric Nursing

Pediatric Nursing

Week 2: Topics in Pediatric Nursing

Roles of Pediatric Nurse:

1. Direct Care

2. Education

3. Advocate

4. Case Manager

5. Research

Pediatric Background:

Children are not little adults

Special physical, emotional and nutritional needs

Attention to child health starting in late 1800’s

Visiting nurses, public health nurses, school based interventions

Early focus on high mortality r/t infectious disease and child labor

Child health legislation starting in the 1920’s

Nursing Process:

1. Assessment/ Diagnosis/ Intervention/Implementation/ Evaluation

2. Critical Thinking

3. Clinical Judgement

4. Evidence based Practice

5. Family centered

6. Culturally competent

Cultural Diversity:

1. Many children are foreign born or have a parent that is foreign born

2. Many children speak a language other than English

3. English is not the language spoken in many children’s homes.

4. Cultural beliefs influence access to and compliance with health care systems.

Mortality: Overall decrease in child mortality in last 10 years

1. Infant Mortality:

1. 2009 U.S.: 6.42 per 1000 live births total

5.44 per 1000 among Hispanics

12.71 per 1000 among blacks

5.27 per 1000 non-Hispanic whites

2. 2010 Massachusetts: A lot r/t high premature birth rate in US

4.4 total

6.1 Hispanics

8.2 Blacks

3.4 White non-Hispanic

2. Neonatal Mortality:

1. Low Birth Weight

2. Congenital anomalies

3. Maternal complications

4. Placenta related complications

5. Respiratory distress

3. Post-nenonatal mortality:

1. SIDS

2. Congenital anomalies

3. Unintentional injury

4. Circulatory system disease (i.e. cardiovascular)

5. Infection

Infections are so deadly infants are put on broad antibiotics right away while waiting for culture results

4. Pre-school and school age:

1. Unintentional injury

2. Congenital anomalies

3. Homicide

4. Neoplasms

5. Diseases of the heart

6. Respiratory illness

5. Tween and adolescent:

1....