Chapter 5 Integumentary System

1. Identify the two major components of the cutaneous membrane.

The Epidermis and Dermis.

2. List the various accessory structures of the integument.

Hairs, nails, and exocrine glands.

3. Identify the major functions of the integumentary system.

Protects underlying tissues and organs; Excretes salts, water and organic wastes by integumentary glands; Maintain normal body temperature through either insulation or evaporative cooling; Produce melanin which protects underlying tissue from UV radiation; Produce keratin, which protects against abrasion and serves as a water repellent; Synthesizes vitamin D3; Stores lipids in adipocytes in the dermis and in adipose tissue in the hypodermis; Detect touch, pressure, pain, and temperature stimuli, and relay that information to the nervous system.

4. Identify the layers of the epidermis (from deep to superficial).

1. Stratum Basale

2. Stratum Spinosum

3. Stratum Granulosum

4. Stratum Lucidum

5. 5. Stratum Corneum

5. Dandruff is caused by excessive shedding of cells from the outer layers of the scalp. Thus, dandruff is composed of cells from which epidermal layer?

The Stratum Corneum.

6. A splinter that penetrates to the third layer of the epidermis of the palm is lodged in which layer?

The stratum granulosum.

7. Name the two pigments contained in the epidermis.

Carotene and melanin

8. Why does exposure to sunlight or sunlamps darken skin?

When exposed to the UV radiation in sunlight or sunlamps, melanocytes in the epidermis and dermis synthesize the pigment melanin, darkening the skin.

9. Describe the location of the dermis.

A connective tissue layer that lies between the epidermis and the hypodermis.

10. Where are the capillaries and sensory receptors that supply the epidermis located?

In the papillary layer of the dermis

11. Distinguish between a first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree burn.

In a first degree burn, only the surface of the...