Theories on Personalities

Good afternoon gentleman. Welcome to the World Conference on Psychotherapy. It is an honor to be in the presence of such distinguished theorist. I have the honor of asking each of you one question: “How would you explain apparent personality differences based on culture, gender, and age?

Sigmund Freud: “Sigmund Freud theory divides personality into three structures; the Id, the ego and the superego (Cherry, 2010). In terms of age Freud argues that Id structure of personality comes at birth and as a child grows and starts to appreciate reality the Ego structure of personality begins to develop. The superego structure develops at an advanced age of childhood and a balance between the three structures of personality is achieved with advancement in age. The Ego and the superego are largely affected by the learning environment of a child and therefore culture plays a big role.  Gender will affect how an individual respond to the drive from these structures of personality (AcademicWritingTips.org June 2011).”

Carl Rodgers: “Carl Rogers in his theory explains how the actualizing tendency is influenced as through various stages of an individual’s age until a fully functioning person is achieved (Dagmar, 1996). These actualizing tendencies are influenced by both genetics and the environment and therefore gender and culture plays are key determinants (AcademicWritingTips.org June 2011).”

Albert Bandura: “Albert Bandura social learning theory expresses how human personality is modeled by personal experience brought about by events including cultural events (Cherry, 2010). The learning process takes place from childhood and is continuous as an individual grows which greatly shapes his behavior and personality through intrinsic reinforcement (AcademicWritingTips.org June 2011).”

Albert Ellis: “Albert Ellis ABC theory attempts to explain how biological and social factors affect personality (George, 2000). Biological factors such gender give an individual innate...