Anatomy Study Guide

Week 15: The Excretory/Urinary System Study Guide

(NO COPY/PASTING)

1) List at least 4 functions of the Urinary System. Filtration of the blood. Reabsorption. Secretion and activation of vitamin D.

2) What is the role of the renal artery? Transports oxygenated blood from the heart and aorta to the kidney for filtration

3) What is the function of the nephron? It is used for filtration of blood and reabsorption and secretion of materials

4) What does the capsule do? Supports and protects the kidney

5) What is the function of the cortex? It is the outer layer of the nephron; it is the main site for filtration reabsorption and secretion

6) What are renal pyramids? They are triangular shaped units in the medulla that house the loops of Henie and collecting ducts of the nephron; site for counter-current system that concentrates salt and conserves water and urea

7) Where is the site of blood filtration? In the Glomerulus

8) What does a nephron save for the body? It saves water for the body

9) Where is the glomerous located? It is located in the kidneys next to the efferent arteriole and afferent arteriole.

10) How are kidney stones formed? They are formed by the crystallization of calcium, magnesium or uric acid salts that precipitate In the renal pelvis.

11) What are the symptoms of cystitis? Symptoms are inflammation, fever, increased urgency and frequency of urination and pain.

12) What are the symptoms of Bright’s disease? Inflammation of the glomeruli which leads to faulty filtration and kidney failure.

13-14) Name two causes for Incontinence. Loss of the ability to control voluntary micturition due to old age and damage to the nervous system.

15) How does dialysis therapy work? It is a process that artificially removes metabolic wastes from the blood in order to compensate for kidney failure.

16) What is surrounded by the Bowman’s capsule? The bowman’s capsule is surrounded by the Proximal convoluted tubule....