Anatomy and Physiology Review

Anatomy review for the nervous system - Week 12 Study Guide

1. Distinguish the difference between neuron, neuroglial cells, Schwann cells, neurofibrils, and astrocytes.

Neuroglial cells: provide structural integrity to the nervous system

Schwann cells: fatty cells that encloses axons

Neurofibrils: generate and transmit nutrients in cell body

Astrocytes:

2. What is the difference between dendrites and axons? Dendrites are short highly branched fibers, usually multiple dendrites per cell. slight elevation of cell body, conducts nerve impulses away from cell body, only one per cell.

3. What color does myelin (the lipid-protein layers that form a sheath around an axon) appear? white

4. What are the 2 main parts of the nervous system? Central nervous system, peripheral nervous system

5. What are 3 functions of the nervous system?

1. detect changes outside and inside the body

2. make decisions based on the information received

3.stimmulate muscles of glands to respond

6. What is the junction between 2 communicating neurons called? synapse

7. What are the simplest nerve pathways called? Reflex arc

8. Put the following in the correct sequence to identify the path a reflex arc takes: effector, sensory neuron, motor neuron, receptor, interneuron. Effector, sensory neuron, motor neuron, receptor, interneuron

9. What are the membranes called that are located between the bone and soft tissue of the nervous system? meninges

10. There are 3 layers of membranes of the nervous system. Name them in order starting with the outer layer. dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

11. Between what 2 layers is the CSF found? Arachnoid mater, pia mater

12. In a spinal tap, between which vertebrae is the needle inserted to measure cerebrospinal fluid pressure? Lumbar veterbrae l3/l4 or l4/l5

13. The brain is divided into 3 major sections, what are they?...