Earths Biomes

Tundra

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Located along several countries in the north, the tundra is the coldest of Earth’s biomes, getting as cold as -65°F and rarely does it get above 50°F. Countries that include Canada, Alaska, Russia, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Denmark, Sweden, and Norway all make up the 1/5 of Earth’s land surface that is the tundra biome. Only fifty-five days of the year does the temperature get above freezing point and even then it is still very cold and dry. A few of the animals that are able to survive during the seven to eight months of winter have thick furs, short ears, and fur-covered paws including the arctic fox, lemmings, willow ptarmigans, and musk oxen. During the summer month’s caribou, red foxes, wolves, and polar bears are known to drift into the tundra eating what little plant life has managed to grow and smaller prey that is found there.

Along with the changing of the seasons from winter to summer, arctic foxes, willow ptarmigans, and plovers change their coats colors from white to brown that helps them camouflage themselves from other predators. Polar bears do not have to worry about hiding from other predators, but have to watch out for the dramatic changes within the changing of the climates in the tundra due to global warming. With the ice glaciers melting quickly, polar bears are unable to get the food they need and without their proper nourishment they are slowly starving, causing their race to become an endangered species.

Taiga

The taiga, which covers parts of North America, Asia, and Europe is considered Earth’s largest land biome. It is also considered to be the second most coldest of the biomes with temperatures getting as low as -65°F, while in the summertime temperatures can reach as high as 75°F.

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