Sulphur Market - Global Industry Analysis, Market Size, Share, Trends and Forecast, 2014 - 2020

Sulphur is found naturally as an element in pure state and as sulfate or sulfide minerals. Sulphur crystals are easily differentiated by mineral collectors for their unique and bright colored polyhedron shapes. Earlier sulfur was extracted majorly from salt domes where it occurs in pure form but now this method has been obsolete owing to the new technologies. Today, majority of sulphur is developed as a byproduct from sulphur containing contaminants from petroleum and natural gas. Commercial use of sulphur is carried out in fertilizers, due to high requirements in plants and in the manufacturing of sulphuric acid, an important chemical used in the industry. Various other use of elemental sulphur is found in fungicides and insecticides.

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In the year 2010, global production of sulphur was at 67.80 million tones and that of pyrites was 6.1 million tones. Countries such as the U.S., Canada, Russia, China, Japan and Saudi Arabia were the major producers of sulphur. Finland and China were the major producers of pyrites. Elemental sulphur is obtained from the ores by conventional mining method i.e. Frasch method. It is also obtained as a byproduct from processing of sour natural gas, tar sand and sour crude refining. Sulphur recovered from refining processes accounts to 98% of world elemental sulphur production.

In Frasch method, majorly concentric pipes are used. The outer most pipe contains superheated water, that melts the sulphur and the inner most pipe is completely filled with hot compressed air which is used to create pressure and foam. Sulphur foam is then ejected through the centre pipe. Sulphur produced from Frasch process is 99.5% pure and it further needs no purification. Sulphur production from Frasch method for commercial scale was first carried out in Mexico and Brazil. Elemental sulphur is mined in Poland, Russia and China.

Sulphur is used to carry...