Aarkstore - Stem Cell Research Products - Opportunities, Tools, and Technologies

Aarkstore - Stem Cell Research Products - Opportunities, Tools, and Technologies

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Published: Jun 2014 | Pages: 155

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Summary

Stem cells are primitive cells found in all multi-cellular organisms that are characterized by self-renewal and the capacity to differentiate into any mature cell type.

Stem cells are still a relatively new discovery, as the first mouse embryonic stem cells were derived from embryos in 1981, but it was not until 1995 that the first successful culturing of embryonic stem cells from non-human primates occurred and not until November 1998 that a technique was developed to isolate and grow embryonic stem cells from human blastocysts. In 2006, induced pluripotent stem cells were produced for the first time from mouse cells and in 2007 they were produced from human cells. Furthermore, it was not until 2008 that the first full transplant of a human organ grown from adult stem cells was performed when a section of trachea was successfully transplanted into an adult woman in Spain.

As of 2014, several broad categories of stem cells exist, including:

Embryonic stem cells, derived from blastocysts

Fetal stem cells, obtained from fetuses

Post-natal stem cells, derived from newborn tissues

Adult stem cells, found in adult tissues – including Hematopoietic stem cells, Mesenchymal stem cells, and Neural stem cells

Cord blood stem cells, isolated from umbilical tissue

Dental stem cells, derived from deciduous teeth

Induced pluripotent stem cells, reprogrammed from adult cells

Cancer stem cells, which give rise to clonal populations of cells that form tumors or disperse in the body

Animal stem cells, derived from non-human sources

The past 10 years have also witnessed the production of novel stem cell types,...