Electroentritis

INTRODUCTION

Gastroenteritis is a common condition where the stomach and bowel become inflamed. Gastroenteritis is also a general word and a symptom of any condition, disorder or disease that causes irritation and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenteritis is most frequently caused by a viral infection and is also often referred to as viral gastroenteritis, the stomach flu or the 24 or 48 hour bug. In addition to a gastrointestinal viral infection, gastroenteritis can also result from a variety of other conditions. These include irritable bowel syndrome food poisoning, traveler’s diarrhea, or a toxic ingestion. A toxic ingestion occurs after eating a substance that is toxic, such as a poisonous plant or mushroom.

Gastroenteritis can occur in any age group or population. Gastroenteritis can be a symptom of a mild condition, such as indigestion or stress a moderate condition, disorder or disease, such as a side effect of medication, such as antibiotics or chemotherapy. Gastroenteritis can also occur in serious, even life-threatening conditions, including food poisoning and anthrax.

ETIOLOGY

The most common cause of gastroenteritis is a virus. Gastroenteritis flu can be caused by many different kinds of viruses. The main types are rotavirus and norovirus.

Rotavirus is the world's most common cause of diarrhea in infants and young children. Norovirus is the most common cause of serious gastroenteritis and also foodborne disease outbreaks in the U.S. Although not as common, bacteria such as E. coli and salmonella can also trigger the stomach flu. Salmonella and campylobacter bacteria are the most common bacterial causes of gastroenteritis in the U.S. and are usually spread by undercooked poultry, eggs, or poultry juices. Salmonella can also be spread through pet reptiles or live poultry.

PATHOGENESIS

The outcome of intestinal infection with rotaviruses is more complex than initially appreciated, and it is affected by a complex interplay...