Two Hundred Years of Constitutional Change

1. How were the Federalists able to win ratification of the proposed Constitution?

Their organization, wealth, and persuasiveness allowed them to win ratification. They published 85 essays (The Federalists Papers) convincing voters to support the Constitution.

2. In many states, delegates to the state ratifying conventions were divided along geographic lines regarding the Constitution. What was the source of this division?

Five states out of the nine needed ratified the Constitution. Massachusetts demanded several amendments be added to the proposed Construction before ratification which was done by a slim margin 187 to 168. Other states such as Virginia and New York were slow to ratify. In these states, especially MA, the majority of people were Anti-Federalists.

3. Why was James Madison convinced of the need to include the Bills of Rights in the Constitution? Why was the addition of the Bill of Rights an important issue for many Americans at the time?

James Madison believed in writing out specific rights the government could not take away from the people in order to protect the people. The Bill of Rights alleviated the fear caused among many by a strong, centralized government as many were afraid of America turning into Britain. The Bill of Rights gave people a sense of security as their rights were protected.

4. How have the supporters of failed amendments, such as those concerning child labor and equality between the sexes, pursued their goals by other means?

Supporters of failed amendments continued to press for action and eventually achieved most their goals through Congressional legislation.

5. What central constitution issue was settled by the Civil War?

States’ Rights – The south wanted to keep the institution of slavery as the Northern states, with much more power in the national government, wanted to abolish slavery. The end of the Civil War also ended any secession attempts of states.

6. How have the decisions of...