Ai in Dod

INTRODUCTION

According to http://people.cs.ubc.ca/~poole/ci/ch1.pdf, in “Computational Intelligence and Knowledge”, Artificial intelligence (AI) is the established name for the field that’s defined as Computational intelligence (CI) but asks whether AI is real intelligence. They suggest instead, that it is “Synthetic intelligence”; likening it to a pearl in that “a synthetic pearl may not be a natural pearl but it is a real pearl”. Haag and Cummings in “Management Information Systems for the information Age, 8th ed” define AI as “the science of making machines imitate human thinking and behavior”. They emphasize the various entities and industries that use AI in their operations to “mimic human behavior and thinking” – from Department of Defense (DOD), financial analysis, to the IRS; clearly the use of expert systems is central to effective management of operations and achieving success in today’s business environment. DOD has been a leader in the use of AI as a solution to its operational needs. According to http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=5812&page=5, “Artificial Intelligence and Human-Computer Interface: Importance of AI and HCI to the Department of Defense”, DOD has long held interests in AI applications; “from the time of the first embryonic computer developments in the late 1940s and early 1950s, DOD has encouraged and sponsored AI and HCI R&D in its laboratories of industry, academia, and government”. Indeed, DOD has been at the forefront of advancements in “AI and HCI whose effects have been to accelerate work toward its goal of improving national security while reducing the risk faced by individuals in hostile environments”. Goals for DOD with use of AI and HCI include:

• total replacement of humans in hostile environments

• combinations of robots and humans to carry out needed functions in hostile environments

• remote control of robots or human-robot systems in hostile environments; substantial reduction of risk humans

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