The Rise of Augustus

The First Triumvirate, composed of Julius Caesar, Crassus and Pompey, reigned during Augustus’ youth. However, the power dynamic that existed between the three statesmen was one of immense tension, translating into long term social and political instability in Rome. Considering the violent political climate that afforded Augustus the opportunity to seize power, the Emperor realized he needed a means of reuniting a divided state and qualifying his authority. Augustus desired an extensive tenure as Rome’s ruler; however, he quickly recognized that a people opposed to his cause would provide a swift end to his reign. Augustus, via exceptional political tact and planning, rose to the position of Emperor. Using history as a guide, Augustus further qualified his power by various political means. In order to maintain his authority, Augustus utilized precepts of religion. As reflected by the writings of Rome’s greatest historical minds, Augustus successfully dragged Rome from the ashes of civil war and elevated the state to her former glory.

Augustus, levying the prestige of his victory at Actium, took over the reigns of the Roman government in a time of general instability and disarray. Augustus began his ascent to power by winning over the people. In the words of Tacitus’ Annals, “Augustus enticed […] all men with the allurement of peace. (Lewis, 555)” Civil war shook Rome to its core, partisan violence creating an environment of instability and tension. The Roman people craved the return of peace and stability. Augustus responded by harkening back to the amity characteristic of the early Republic, “cloth[ing]” himself with the governmental titles of the Republic so he could “possess all the prerogatives of kings” without the negative connotations of monarchy (Lewis, 556). Augustus took on all the powers and titles associated with the Republican government’s highest officers while at the same time maintaining the senate as a collection of “advisers.” In this way,...