Management Study Point

Management Exam Focus Topics

1. Effectiveness Vs Efficiency

 Effectiveness – Doing the right things to achieve organizational goals

 Efficiency – Doing things right by getting the most output with the least input.

 Example: One manpower from admin department was deployed to do overtime in order to help the architects prepared the tender submission.

If the architect could plan in advance the schedule for the submission, there will be no need to deploy one manpower from the admin department.

This is effectiveness but no efficiency because the architect could submit the tender on time but waste a manpower to get it done. If everyone was able to do their assign work, it would be more efficiency.

2. Dimensions of Organizational Culture

 Detail to attention

 Jolin – Know all your work and make sure every detail are correct.

 Outcome Orientation

 Mr Ong – Focus only on the result but not the process

 People Orientation

 Mr Ling – Always consider about the employees in whatever decision making.

 Team Orientation

 Axis – Teamwork and not individual

 Aggressiveness

 Peter – Aggressive and not cooperation

 Stability

 Sam – Always do the same thing only

 Innovation and Risk Taking

 Desmond – Creative

3. Six Step of Strategic Process

 Step 1 – Identify the Organizational Goals and Missions

 Step 2 – Doing External Analysis

 Opportunities (Eg. Economic, Technology)

 Threats (Eg. Political, Sociocultural)

 Step3 – Doing Internal Analysis

 Strength (Eg. Doing Well With Resources)

 Weakness (Eg. Not Doing Well With Resources)

 Step 4 – Formulating Strategies (Plan Strategies To Achieve Organizational Goals)

 Corporate Strategies

o Growth Strategies

a) Vertical Integration

i. Backward Controls the Productions / Be A Supplier

ii. Forward Controls the Distributions / Be a Distributor

b) Horizontal Integration

i. Company Merges

ii. Work...