University Project

1. INTRODUCTION

WAPDA was created in 1958 and at that time Pakistan was quite under developed and the total demand of WAPDA was around 100 MW. All along these years the country has been passing through different stages of development and the peak load met during 2006-07 was 14,941 MW. WAPDA has 3 wings for all operational as well as administrative purposes. Power wing comprises of a vertically integrated utility responsible for generation, transmission & distribution of electrical energy (Unbundled & being Corporative into small entities) Provides services in whole of Pakistan except Karachi area. The total installed electric power capacity of Pakistan (including WAPDA, KESC and IPPs) is 19505 MW in which 33% is by Hydro, 65% is by Thermal and 2.4% is by Nuclear power generation. The total generation of both WAPDA and KESC stood at 87114 GWh during the year 2004-05. The transmission system of Pakistan has transmission lines of voltage levels 500kv, 220kv, 132kv, 66kv and 33kv. The total length of transmission lines for the previously mentioned voltage levels in WAPDA and KESC systems is 48215 kilometres.

WAPDA is presently facing great power crises. There are many problems, which have surrounded WAPDA in its web and affecting its performance to meet the requirements of the country. The aim of this study is to identify those problems and miss-alignments and suggest the viable solutions to these problems.

2. Causes Of Inefficiency / Problems Of WAPDA

a. Misalignment In WAPDA as an Organisation

1) Mismanagement at all levels

2) Corruption at all levels

3) Lack of planning and foresight

4) Over staffing

5) Wastage of resources/line losses

6) Tanning and selection problem

7) Unjustified benefits for WAPDA staff resulting in frustration among employees.

8) Lack of check and balance system at all levels....