White Paper Information

An Army White Paper

September 2010

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The Army Profession of Arms, Its Culture, and Ethic

--Initial Draft for Comment—

Comments and inputs on this discussion and White Paper should be sent to the Center for the Army Profession and Ethic (CAPE), Combined Arms Center, TRADOC.

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RESTRICTION ON DISTRIBUTION:

The material in this draft is under development. It is NOT approved and CANNOT be used for reference or citation.

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Table of Contents

Foreword –Why a White Paper on the Army as a Profession of Arms? 3

Section 1: The Army’s Dual Organizational Character 5

1.1 Where Will the Balance Be? 6

Section 2: The Army as a Profession of Arms 7

2.1 A Framework for Discussion Starting with Two Definitions 7

2.2 The Army as a Profession of Arms and Its Supporting Organizations 9

2.3 The Army’s Expertise and Jurisdictions 11

2.4 The Practice of the Army Professional 12

2.5 The Unique Role of Strategic Leaders of a Military Profession 13

Section 3: Army Culture and Influences on the Profession 14

3.1 The Concept of Organizational Culture 14 3.2 Levels of Army Culture 16

3.3 Army Culture and its Functional Utility 17

3.4 Current Influences on Army Culture, Tensions for Change 19

3.4.1 Example Tensions 21

Section 4 - The Foundations of the Professional Military Ethic 19

4.1 Knowing Why We Fight: The Value We Defend 20

4.1.1 –Political Autonomy and the Duty of the Army 21

4.2 – How We Fight: the Ethics of Force and the Moral Reality of Conflict 23

4.2.1 The Core: A Morally Better State of Peace 25

4.2.2 The Structural Principles: The Moral Limits of Military Force 27

4.2.3 Supporting Moral Resources: Virtues, Character, and

the Standards of Action in the...