Six Organelles

2401– Material (1-10, 15)

Discuss the structure and functions of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.

List 6 organelles of a typical cell and indicate their major functions.

Nucleolus – site of ribosome synthesis

Mitochondria – produces energy from glucose

Ribosomes - creates proteins

Golgi apparatus – synthesis, packages and releases concentrate proteins or lipids

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum – creates lipids and fats

Rough endoplasmic reticulum – transport and storage

Chloroplast – creates glucose

Centrioles – for cellular division and cellular reprodution

List the 5 layers of the epidermis (in order please).

In descending order:

Stratum corneum

Stratum lucidum

Stratum granulosum

Stratum spinosum

Stratum basale

List the 6 classifications of bones and an example of each.

Long – humerus, radius, ulna, phanlanges, metacarpals, femur, metatarsals, fibula

Short – carpals, tarsals, patella, calcaneus

Flat – cranium shell, sternum, scapula, ribs, clavicle

Irregular – vertebrae, ilium, iscium, pubic, bones of pubic girdle

Sesamoid – special type of short bone inside tendons (patella)

Wormian (sutural) bones – small flat irregular bones (extra bone pieces that occur within a

suture in the cranium).

Describe the synthesis of a protein.

Describe the basic structure of synovial joints.

The basic structure of a synovial joint consists of a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, a fibrous articular capsule, and ligaments.

The synovial cavity (also called joint cavity) is the space between two articulating bones.

The articular cartilage covers and protects the bone ends.

The articular cartilage also acts as a shock absorber.

The articular capsule encloses the joint structure. It consists of an outer layer, the fibrous membrane, and an inner lining, the synovial membrane....